Golgi apparatus
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: A cellular organelle consisting of a stack of flattened, membrane-bound sacs (cisternae) that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or for delivery to other organelles within the cell. It is a crucial part of the eukaryotic cell's endomembrane system.
Usage
The term "Golgi apparatus" is used to refer to this specific organelle in cell biology. It is always treated as a singular noun, though it is sometimes called the "Golgi complex" or "Golgi body."
Examples
- Under the microscope, the Golgi apparatus appears as a series of stacked membranes near the nucleus.
- Proteins synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing.
- The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to modify and package cellular products.
Advanced Usage
- "Golgi apparatus function": Refers to the biological processes the organelle performs, such as glycosylation (adding sugar molecules) or sorting macromolecules.
- Researchers are studying Golgi apparatus function in relation to certain genetic diseases.
- "Vesicle budding from the Golgi apparatus": Describes the process where small membrane-bound sacs pinch off from the Golgi to transport materials.
- The formation of secretory vesicles involves vesicle budding from the Golgi apparatus.
Variants and Related Words
- Golgi complex (n): A synonym for Golgi apparatus.
- Golgi body (n): A synonym for Golgi apparatus, often used when referring to multiple discrete stacks within a cell.
- cis-Golgi network (n): The receiving face of the Golgi apparatus, which accepts vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum.
- trans-Golgi network (n): The shipping face of the Golgi apparatus, which dispatches vesicles to their final destinations.
- Golgi (adj): An informal shorthand used attributively (e.g., Golgi vesicles, Golgi staining technique).
Synonyms
- Golgi complex
- Golgi body
Related Phrases
- Secretory pathway: The cellular route (ER → Golgi apparatus → vesicles → cell exterior) in which the Golgi is a central component.
- The hormone is released via the secretory pathway, which requires the Golgi apparatus.
- Post-translational modification: A key type of processing that occurs within the Golgi apparatus.
- Many proteins undergo essential post-translational modification in the Golgi apparatus.
Noun
- a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)